Preparing Plumbing and Well Systems for a Deep Freeze

Frozen pipes and well components can rupture and leave you without water during brutal cold snaps. Prepare in advance with insulation, targeted heat, and correct shutoff practices.

Priority Freeze Risks

• Unheated spaces: crawlspaces, garages, exterior walls, attics.
• Exposed runs: hose bibs, irrigation lines, outdoor showers.
• Wellheads and pitless adapters in windy, subzero conditions.

Pre‑Freeze Prep (48–72 hours before)

• Insulate: Foam sleeves or fiberglass on cold runs; seal drafts near sill plates and rim joists.
• Heat trace: UL‑listed self‑regulating heat tape on vulnerable segments. Follow manufacturer bend radius and GFCI protection.
• Hose bibs: Install frost‑free sillcocks or insulated covers; shut off and drain interior supply to exterior faucets.
• Well components: Insulate the well cap area and exposed piping; use a ventilated, weatherproof cover—not airtight—around the wellhead.

During Deep Freeze

• Maintain indoor temp ≥ 55°F in all zones; open vanity/cabinet doors on exterior walls.
• Allow a pencil‑thin cold‑water trickle on far runs; moving water freezes slower.
• Know shutoffs: label main, branch, and exterior shutoffs for quick isolation.

If a Line Freezes

• Shut supply to the affected branch; inspect for bulges/leaks.
• Thaw with hair dryer or space heater at a safe distance; never open flame.
• Start from the faucet end and work toward the cold section.
• After thaw, pressurize slowly and check for seepage.

Well System Tips

• Protect pressure tank and switch in conditioned or insulated space.
• Heat trace short exposed sections between wellhead and structure.
• Verify heat cable GFCI and thermostat operation before cold outbreaks.